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WebResearch is a significant element in all professions, but perhaps more so in healthcare. It forms the basis of development and adaptation in the healthcare world, and allows WebExamples Of Critical Appraisal Evaluating Clinical Sources. A relevant and reliable research is needed to formulate clinical guidelines. But the next Annotated Bibliography. Final Web23 rows · Critical Appraisal of Qualitative Research, Coursework Example Pages: 8 WebJun 15, · Example of a Critical Appraisal. Satisfactory Essays. Words. 2 Pages. Jun 15th, Published. Topics: Scientific method, Asthma, Lung, Medicine, Chronic WebCritical Appraisal of the Policy. The U.K. Borders Act has reduced the number of immigrants through the deportation of foreign national offenders. The foreign national ... read more
The objective of the study is to assess whether there is any behavioral problem and cognitive deficits among the children of those who drink lightly during pregnancy. It is a relevant subject for the time being. There are strong debates throughout the world that emphasizes the side effects of using alcohol by pregnant ladies. The result of the study shows that children born to mothers who drink lightly during pregnancy do not inflict the problem of behavioral disorders and cognitive deficits. But, the research reveals that children of heavy drinking mothers during pregnancy expose to different health issues. The result of the study can be taken for public information since there lacks of knowledge on the problem. This study used the Millennium Cohort study which is a longitudinal study of infants who are born in the United Kingdom and the sample was taken from England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Island.
Interviews and home visits were the two methods used in the assessment. Three questionnaires were used, namely, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire SDQ to assess the behavioral problems and British Ability Scale BAS and the Bracken School Readiness Assessment BSRA to assess the cognitive deficits of the children. The questions in the interview focused on the socio-economic situation, health problems, and drinking during pregnancy. The study addressed the real problem and achieved its objectives. Interviews were conducted by experts.
There were two steps in the study and the first part of the survey was conducted when the cohort members were aged 9 months and the second part of the survey was conducted when they became three years. Therefore, they completed the follow-up accurately. The findings answer the research objective that drinking lightly during pregnancy will not lead to the behavioral problems and cognitive deficits of the children. The result is very significant and precise to the objective of the study. It was noticeable that the J-shaped relationship between drinking during pregnancy and scores obtained by the children. There were no variations between the results of abstinent mothers and light drinkers at the time of pregnancy.
In this study, two-third of the mothers were those who include in the category of abstinence, twenty-nine percent were light drinkers, six percent were moderate drinkers and two percent were heavy drinkers. However, the Millennium Cohort Study sample is not representative of all pregnancies or births and so data on miscarriages, stillbirths, and neonatal deaths were not included. This study unravels the widespread alcohol consumption of pregnant women even though there is a social stigma. The main drawbacks in the study are when there is a stigma about the consumption of alcohol, people will be reluctant to be open about and it is very difficult to give correct measurements for the light drinkers. It cannot be defined accurately what amount is regarded as a light drink, and therefore, it may be hard to restrict the problem to a questionnaire.
There may be some other causes for the behavioral problem of children other than the consumption of alcohol. Therefore, the factors like genetic make-up, social determinants such as financial condition; family background, etc also should be taken into consideration and should be assessed very systematically and scientifically. Pregnant women may probably be loathed to reveal about the intake of alcohol since there exists stigma in society. Thereby, deportation is a favourable legal implication due to the banishment of foreign criminals. Bhui indicates that surveillance is permitted under the U. immigration policies.
administrators such as immigration officers and police use surveillance technologies to target foreigners and gain intelligent information. The administrators have secured the U. Consequences such as detention and deportation arise when there is a breach of the U. are monitored. For instance, foreign nationals are under immigration control and are required to provide their biometric information once an order is issued by the Home Secretary. Foreigners in the U. can engage in public services and the labour market as long as there is strict adherence to the immigration policies Bhui, Another strength of the U.
Borders Act is that the policy draws from the Human Rights Framework to ensure that foreign nationals are protected before being deported. According to Banks , the E. Borders Act established legal regimes for British nationals and foreigners. Immigration officers are mandated under the legislation to conduct foreign surveillance to protect British nationals against harm. The Borders Act has prevented identity abuse by providing that immigration officer secure permission from the Home Secretary before detaining and deporting foreign nationals. Foreign nationals are required to abide by orders issued to immigration officers by the Home Secretary. For example, foreigners are required to provide evidence about their immigration status and comply with their staying conditions in the U.
Banks indicates that it is an illegal requirement for immigrants to adhere to practice codes while staying in the U. Borders Act enables immigrants to pursue their freedoms in the U. A shortcoming of the U. Borders Act is that the legislation has failed to curb illegal immigration and to work in the U. For instance, there were non-UK passport holders in Warr, The foreign national illegally operating in the U. had moved into the country despite surveillance by the immigration system that protects borders. The increasing phenomenon of illegal immigration necessitated the immigration authorities to set up immigration removal centres in England and Wales.
However, illegal immigrants in the U. are not held in the immigration removal centres as they are detained in prisons. Detaining foreign nationals without U. passports in the prisons is a breach of the U. Based on the legislation, immigrants unable to submit requested documents are detained by immigration authorities until their identity is established and proved. Borders Act does not provide for the detention of illegal immigrants in prisons. Non-citizens undergo suffering and discrimination when they are detained in prisons Another limitation of the U. Borders Act is that the legislation provided immigration officers with new powers which have been abused. Immigration officers impose sanctions without assessing the penalties set by the Home Secretary to be issued at particular levels Niki, As per the U.
However, immigration officers have breached the U. Borders Act to victimize immigrants whose information about residency in the U. is incomplete. The courts have also failed to render justice to foreign nationals oppressed by immigration officers. Instead, the E. working regulations. Immigrants are deported as most of their appeals in the E. courts are unsuccessful. immigration legislation offers minimal support to immigrants as they are deported instead of reapplying for a working visa or citizenship Niki, To sum up, foreigners whose stay in the U. is deemed unconducive for the public good are deported by the Home Secretary, who has statutory power under the U.
Fears and concerns over a rise in the foreign population in the U. have been raised due to law-breaking. Foreigners are being watched and monitored by the immigration agency to prevent them from committing a crime. Because of the unique needs of foreign nationals, monitoring is permissible under U. Despite increased surveillance of foreigners, limitations in the U. Borders Act have made it difficult for courts to provide justice in cases involving illegal immigration. Immigrants are shielded from the criminological investigation as immigration officials subject to immoral practises. Banks, J. Foreign national prisoners in the U. The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice , 50 2 , pp.
Bhatia, M. Crimmigration, imprisonment and racist violence: Narratives of people seeking asylum in Great Britain. Journal of sociology , 56 1 , pp. Bhui, H. The resettlement needs of foreign national offenders in Criminal Justice Matters and Centre for Crime and Justice Studied. Accessed Fekete, L. and Webber, F. Foreign nationals, enemy penology, and the criminal justice system. Green, L. Foreign national offenders. Migration Watch UK. Hasselberg, I. Coerced to leave: Punishment and the surveillance of foreign-national offenders in the U. Niki A. Anti-trafficking legislation: protection or deportation?. Feminist Review , 73 1 , pp. Turnbull, S. and Hasselberg, I.
From prison to detention: The carceral trajectories of foreign-national prisoners in the United Kingdom. Wacquant, L. Warr, J. Was data collection comprehensive? No, the data collection method was not comprehensive. Interviewing as a method of data collection responds to the question on how parents felt about their experiences was therefore inadequate. The research question was: What are the experiences of parenthood over time of seven sets of mothers and fathers of preterm. But then, the shortcomings created by this approach could have been avoided if a different method was integrated into the stud. In the literature review, most of the previous studies were based on the same method, so the similarities of the findings are not necessarily a confirmation of the actual situation, but most likely a realization of what was expected.
We do literature reviews so as to create an overall picture of the situation, but most importantly to avoid past mistakes and give a different perspective. In this regard, my contention is that the credibility of research findings should not rest entirely on confirming previous studies, but on the authenticity, reliability and accuracy of research techniques. My opinion, therefore, is that the researchers would have substantiated their findings better if they had considered observed behaviours of the parents, especially right after birth and during subsequent visits to the hospital. Body language, facial expression and other non-verbal cues could have revealed a lot about their reaction to their experiences.
Was there a systematic process for the collection and management of data? Yes, there was a systematic collection of data. The authors describe how parents were interviewed together and separately, for how long and some of the questions frequently asked. This indicates that there was a formulated design they were following. What data analysis strategies were used? Were these strategies congruent with the qualitative approach used? The data analysis method use was phenomenological, that is, describing situations as they are experienced by human subjects Chiorgi, p Yes, the approach was in tandem with the qualitative approach used, since it explained the effects that preterm births have on parents who experience them.
Is there evidence of a rigorous process for data analysis i. are the steps the researcher used to move from the raw data to the findings clear? The father reported it as an unexpected reality, and so it is sufficiently logical to conclude that they were jolted by what they did not expect. If shock in turn led to alienation, as one might argue, then the researchers made generalized interpretations for which another person could pin a different meaning. An analysis should be comprehensive. Was relevant information about the researcher given i. Yes, the information given about the researchers is relevant. It reveals their field of specialization, which I think is relevant to this study.
Karin is a lecturer in the department of Caring Sciences, Britt-Marie department of Health Care Sciences and Jens a professor in paediatrics. Do the researchers discuss how previous experiences i. Why is this important? They did not discuss their previous experience. This is important since it makes the study impersonal and unbiased. It is therefore important for researchers to declare previous relationships or acknowledge it for their data to be valid. Section II: What Are the Findings? What were the key findings of the study give a brief summary? Is the description of the findings thorough? Are the findings clear and easy to understand? The key findings were that the process of internalizing the effects of preterm births took time to establish.
With time, parents became more confident and familiar with their experiences. The findings are very clear and thorough and the researchers do this by connecting the data collected to their discussion. they are also easy and clear to understand because of the use of illustrations of the views of parents and clear articulation of key points raised in the interview. Yes, the conclusions are appropriate and consistent with the data. This is because the researchers point out the differences of adaptation by mothers and fathers. They also note that parental responsibility facilitated their internalization of the experiences. Section III: How Can I Apply the Findings to Patient Care? How do the study findings help me understand my relationship with clients and their families and how to provide care?
The study shows that parents get alienated and experience anxiety and stress during the initial months after a preterm birth. Thus, it is necessary to offer emotional support to the affected parents. Summarize the methodological strengths and limitations of this study. May use table format. The methodology used is appropriate in the following ways: the consecutive picking of sample is representative as the cases took place at the same period. The qualitative approach addresses the unquantifiable aspects such as alienation and responsibility under investigation.
And the use of interview to collect data captures the feelings and experiences of the parents themselves. However, it has weaknesses in several areas.
Critical appraisal is an important factor to determine the relevance, validity, and transparency of the research. Critical appraisal is an important part of the evidence-based clinical practice to assess the validity of the research before going to implement the results of the study. Researches have shown that heavy drinking during pregnancy affects children in their cognitive and behavioral development. But, there prevails ignorance on whether light drinking of the pregnant lady will affect the fetus.
The objective of the study is to assess whether there is any behavioral problem and cognitive deficits among the children of those who drink lightly during pregnancy. It is a relevant subject for the time being. There are strong debates throughout the world that emphasizes the side effects of using alcohol by pregnant ladies. The result of the study shows that children born to mothers who drink lightly during pregnancy do not inflict the problem of behavioral disorders and cognitive deficits. But, the research reveals that children of heavy drinking mothers during pregnancy expose to different health issues.
The result of the study can be taken for public information since there lacks of knowledge on the problem. This study used the Millennium Cohort study which is a longitudinal study of infants who are born in the United Kingdom and the sample was taken from England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Island. Interviews and home visits were the two methods used in the assessment. Three questionnaires were used, namely, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire SDQ to assess the behavioral problems and British Ability Scale BAS and the Bracken School Readiness Assessment BSRA to assess the cognitive deficits of the children. The questions in the interview focused on the socio-economic situation, health problems, and drinking during pregnancy.
The study addressed the real problem and achieved its objectives. Interviews were conducted by experts. There were two steps in the study and the first part of the survey was conducted when the cohort members were aged 9 months and the second part of the survey was conducted when they became three years. Therefore, they completed the follow-up accurately. The findings answer the research objective that drinking lightly during pregnancy will not lead to the behavioral problems and cognitive deficits of the children. The result is very significant and precise to the objective of the study. It was noticeable that the J-shaped relationship between drinking during pregnancy and scores obtained by the children. There were no variations between the results of abstinent mothers and light drinkers at the time of pregnancy.
In this study, two-third of the mothers were those who include in the category of abstinence, twenty-nine percent were light drinkers, six percent were moderate drinkers and two percent were heavy drinkers. However, the Millennium Cohort Study sample is not representative of all pregnancies or births and so data on miscarriages, stillbirths, and neonatal deaths were not included. This study unravels the widespread alcohol consumption of pregnant women even though there is a social stigma. The main drawbacks in the study are when there is a stigma about the consumption of alcohol, people will be reluctant to be open about and it is very difficult to give correct measurements for the light drinkers.
It cannot be defined accurately what amount is regarded as a light drink, and therefore, it may be hard to restrict the problem to a questionnaire. There may be some other causes for the behavioral problem of children other than the consumption of alcohol. Therefore, the factors like genetic make-up, social determinants such as financial condition; family background, etc also should be taken into consideration and should be assessed very systematically and scientifically. Pregnant women may probably be loathed to reveal about the intake of alcohol since there exists stigma in society.
Therefore the use of a questionnaire would be inappropriate to scribe the responses of the clients. There is vagueness in many of the terms used in the study. Some concepts are beyond the actual definition. For example, light drinking cannot be defined objectively and it varies from person to person. Social drinkers can be categorized as light drinkers but the question is up to what level and quantity. Therefore the responses of the client cannot be limited to some of the questions paused in the questionnaire. To get accurate data for the study and to get the pulse of the clients, it is better to use in-depth interviews and observant participation methods.
The quantitative nature of the study may hamper accurate results and thereby reliability. The next flaw of this study is that it had two sweeps. The first had conducted when the children were at nine years of old and the second sweep was conducted when the children were at three years of old. These two sweeps of the study cannot bring effective and reliable information on how the slight drinking of mothers affects the children since there are other leading factors to the development of cognitive and behavioral defects. If the study is conducted using the interview method, the researcher can include the questions according to the changing perceptions of the social norms.
When the social norms are being changed in time, the questionnaire which is developed years back will not be apt at the time of the study. Therefore what I would suggest is that it could have been made better and the result could have more been reliable if the study had been conducted qualitatively. The consumption of alcohol by pregnant women is considered a risk factor for the physical, mental, and cognitive growth of children. Public people have not received accurate information on this issue. The above-referred article shows the outcome of the research on whether the light drinking habit of the mother hampers the development of the fetus in her womb. This paper substantiates the fact that slight drinking of pregnant women will not affect the cognitive and behavioral disorders of the children.
The study is needed of the time and it is valid to provide current information on the problem. At the same time, it has underestimated the result of the study being used by questionnaire and quantitative study. Abdel-Ghaffar, S. Critical appraisal: An overview: What is critical appraisal?. Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University. Kelly, Y. Light drinking in pregnancy, a risk for behavioral problems and cognitive deficits at 3 years of age: Strengths and limitations of the study. International Journal of Epidemiology , Oxford University Press. The Critical Appraisal of the Article.
This paper was written and submitted to our database by a student to assist your with your own studies. You are free to use it to write your own assignment, however you must reference it properly. If you are the original creator of this paper and no longer wish to have it published on StudyCorgi, request the removal. Table of Contents. Critical appraisal. Relevance of the study. Validity of the study. Results of the study. Strengths and limitations of the study. Learn more. On-Time Delivery! Health Information Technology and Nursing Practice. Risk of Heart Disease in Obese Individuals. Cite this paper Select style. Select citation styles APA-6 APA-7 MLA-9 Chicago N-B Chicago A-D Harvard. Reference StudyCorgi. Work Cited "The Critical Appraisal of the Article.
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Critical Appraisal of Qualitative Research, Coursework Example,Introduction
WebExamples Of Critical Appraisal Evaluating Clinical Sources. A relevant and reliable research is needed to formulate clinical guidelines. But the next Annotated Bibliography. Final WebA Critical Review of Sara Ahmed’s Complaint. Introduction Globally, women have fewer chances for economic participation than their male counterparts. Women have WebCritical Appraisal of the Policy. The U.K. Borders Act has reduced the number of immigrants through the deportation of foreign national offenders. The foreign national Web23 rows · Critical Appraisal of Qualitative Research, Coursework Example Pages: 8 WebCritical Appraisal Essays Critical Appraisal: “The Role of Negative Affectivity in Understanding Relations Between Self-Reports of Stressors and Strains: A Comment on WebResearch is a significant element in all professions, but perhaps more so in healthcare. It forms the basis of development and adaptation in the healthcare world, and allows ... read more
The data analysis method use was phenomenological, that is, describing situations as they are experienced by human subjects Chiorgi, p Title Page. Essay Sample Check Writing Quality. The chemicals in tobacco can diseases that harm you heart and blood cells. The second pair of eyes can help. Within prison statistics, foreign nationals include children, immigrant youths, guest workers, and their grandchildren Fekete and Webber,
Ambiguity, Essay Example The New Task I am Proposing My proposal is a promotion at work. First and foremost, examples of critical appraisal essays, keep your tone formal and academic. This paper was written and submitted to our database by a student to assist your with your own studies. Thank you! Accessed had introduced legislation in November to protect women from exploitation and aggression during trafficking Niki, In 79 cases of preterm births, they chose only 7 cases, and at that in a consecutive manner.
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